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音标英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）长元音/ɑ://ɔ://ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ʌ//ɒ//ə//ɪ//ʊ//e//æ/双元音/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ//ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/辅音（28个）轻辅音/p//t//k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/轻辅音/ʃ//h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ//r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/半元音/j//w/边音/ǀ/*嘴巴的形状会直接影响到发音的效果，口型对了，不需要短促有力，发多久也是对的元音单元音1./i://i//e//æ/1./i:/音高咧嘴舌尖抵下齿，像笑一样/i:/发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeebee/bi:/meat/mi:t/team/ti:m/sheep/ʃiːp/piece/pi:s/keep/ki:p/sweet/swi:t/thief/θi:f/
eg.Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield.Speedingonthefreeway.Heandshe.2./i/嘴唇微张，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微抬高，舌头略微向后缩/i/发这个音的字母和字母组合ie(beginy(happyey(monkeyay（sunday）big/big/dig/dig/kick/kik/tip/tip/zip/zip/quick/kwik/fish/fiʃ/nick/nik/Jim/dʒim/eg.Bequick!Bequick!We’llgotothecinema.Whatisit?Itisaticket.*/i:/&/i/对比练习：sit/sit/ship/ʃip/seat/si:t/sheep/ʃiːp/hit/hit/hill/hil/heat/hi:t/heal/hi:l/sleep/sli:p/eat/i:t/slip/slip/it/it/reach//seek//rich//sick//eg.Been/beanIateabean./Ihavebeenthere.Eat/itIeatit.Beat/bitThebeatisabitstrong.Keys/kissGivemeakissforthekeys.Feet/fitTheseshoesfitmyfeet.Peel/pillDon’tpeelthatpill.Sheep/shipTherearesheepontheship.These/thisThesearebetterthanthisone.Deed/didHedidthedeed.Cheek/chickThechick’scheekissoft.3./e/唇形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍微隆起（下巴向下“点”）/e/发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaeggbelldesklegpetbreadheadelephanteg.Thevetisfedupwiththatwet,deadpet.WholeadTedtothedeadheadinthebed?4./æ/嘴张大且拉向两边，呈扁平型，舌尖抵下齿/æ/发这个音的字母和字母组合a
dadcapbadapplestandeg.Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat.IcannotimagineSamwroteabadexam.Dadpattedthecat.[e]和[æ]对比：bed–badmet-matKen–canmen-mansent–sankshed–shacklet–ladset–satpeck–packbet–batred–ratjet–Jack*四个音标对比：/i:/heat/i/hit/e/het/æ/hat例句：Thebeanshavebeencookingsincesixo’clock.Sitinthatseatbythewindow.Weateourmeal,bythemill.Thesealwillliveintheocean.Tim’steamgrinnedafterseeingthegreenfield.PipandPeteshippedthesheepcheaply.ThosebinsareforBill’sbeans.DoesJimstillstealJill’sjeans?ThegirlsputconcreteonJill’ssneakers.Pickcherriesattheirpeakoryouwilleatthepits.2./u://ʊ//ɔ://ɒ/1./u:/嘴型小而圆，嘴唇外凸，尽量向前，舌头向后缩，发此音喉咙和腮帮有略微紧张感发这个音的字母和字母组合ooouiBlueBoothNewsJuiceLoosenRulerFoodChooseMoodMovingLoopKneweg.Theroomintheschoolwasverycool.ViewingthemoononJunenights.Doyourememberthewomanwholivedinashoe?Shehadn’tacluewhattodowhenherfamilygrew.Well,throughyourhelp,theyaremovinginJuneintotwobigboots
2./ʊ/嘴唇张开，略向前突出，上嘴唇向上翘，嘴型收圆并放松，舌后部向上抬起，舌头后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合ooou.FootTookCookwomanGoodLookBookPuteg.Where’sthecookbook?Pleasetakealook.*一般情况下，在字母”l,m,n”前面，”oo”发长音/u:/;而在字母“t,d,k”前面，”oo”发短音/u/*/u:/和/ʊ/对比a.同一单词中两种音都有WoodWouldyouhelpme?Hollywood,Californiab.food---footpool---pullfool---full例句Hetookagoodlookunderthehoodandfoundaflute.Julieenjoysgoodbooksafterschool.Heputhisfootinthenewboot.Shetookherstudentstothebrooktowashtheirshoes.Wepulledhimoutoftheswimmingpool.Thefoolateuntilhewasfull.3./ɔ:/双唇收的小而圆，向前突出，舌身向后缩发这个音的字母和字母组合alauouaw(oroorSmalldrawtalktallstrawberryAuthorcaughtautumnboughthorseflooreg.Paulplaysbasketball.IamPaul.Iamtall.Givemeacall.I'mlookingforwardtomeetingyou.Forceyourselftodomore.It'simportantforustopracticemore.4./ɒ/（与/ɔ:/的口型几乎完全相反）口型完全张开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍微收圆,像“啊”发这个音的字母和字母组合oaHotTopStopProbablyFollowNotSockProductSolveProblemeg.Bobopenedtheboxandfollowedtheinstructions.Tomputsomecotton,rocksandadoorknobinhislocker.
Hismommadeaconcretemodelofahockeyrink./ɔ:/和/ɒ/的对比Pot----portshot----short*四个音标对比/u:/---bootfool/u/---bookfull/ɔ:/---boughtfall/ɒ/---bot3./ɜ://ə//ɑ://ʌ/1./ɜ:/嘴型扁平，上下齿微微张开，舌头放平，舌中部微微抬起，有齿间距，肌肉略微紧张发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearorHerservebirdgirldirtynurseThursdayturtleearlylearnwordworldeg.Thenursesawaturtleonherpurplecurtain.Hediedoftheburnshereceivedinthefire.Thegirlisanurse.2./ə/嘴唇微微张开，舌头自然放松，舌中部微微隆起发这个音的字母和字母组合ureeraroraePictureteacherdinnersistersugarDoctorpandaaboveaboutChinaeg.What’sthematterwithyou?I’dliketohavedinnerwithyoutonight.Theoperationisasuccessandnowthepatientisoutofdanger.3./ɑ:/口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴收低，放松发音(与读“啊”的区别就是下巴要往下发这个音的字母和字母组合aarauearGrassclassplantfastcarMarchcardarklaughhearteg.It’stoofartoseetheshark;It’stoodarktoseetheshark.Oh!Theshark’steetharesharp.Ifweinterfere,itmaydomoreharmthangood.Thefarmisfarfromthepark.
4./ʌ/嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍微抬起，齿间距为两指的高度发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooouSoncomelovesupperusSunguntouchcousincountryeg.Hurryup!Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud.Thiscupismadeofstainlesssteel.Underthebus./ɑ:/和/ʌ/的区别Cut----cartluck-----larkduck----darkTough---taskfar---funbus-----bath*单元音绕口令1.BettyBoughtabitofbetterbutter.“But,”shesaid,“thisbutter’sbitter.IfIbakethisbitterbutter.Itwouldmakemybatterbitter.Butabitofbetterbutter.Thatwouldmakemybatterbetter.”Sosheboughtabitofbutter.Betterthanherbitterbutter.Andshebakeditinherbatter;Andthebatterwasnotbitter.SoitwasbetterBettyBotter.Boughtabitofbetterbutter.2.Iwishtowishthewishyouwishtowish,butifyouwishthewishthewitchwishes,Iwon'twishthewishyouwishtowish.3.AllIwantisapropercupofcoffeemadeinapropercoppercoffeepot,youcanbelieveitornot,butIjustwantacupofcoffeeinapropercoffeepot.Tincoffeepotsorironcoffeepotsareofnousetome.IfIcan'thaveapropercupofcoffeeinapropercoppercoffeepot,I'llhaveacupoftea!4.Ithoughtathought.ButthethoughtIthoughtwasn'tthethoughtIthoughtIthought.5.Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear,madethebigblackbearbleedblood.Abigblackbugbitabigblackbear.Where'sthebigblackbearthebigblackbugbit?双元音发音要领：发音时，由第一个音向第二个音滑动，口型有个过程。双元音都是“降读式”，即先高后低，先长后短，先重后轻。1./ei/嘴巴从大到小，口型由半开到闭合，发音前长后短，前重后轻./e/到/i/滑动-”A”发这个音的字母和字母组合aaiayCakenamesnakeraintrainPainpaintdayplaywayeg.Rain,rain,goaway.Comeagainanotherday.Littlekids,wanttoplay.Rain,raingoaway.Hekeptuswaitingforageswhilehepackedhisluggage.Thebabysnakelivedinapaintedcage.
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