语法专项突破
专题七 形容词和副词
考点一 形容词、副语的句法功能
形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词。它们各自的功能如下：
考点二 形容词的排列顺序
不少学生对如何排列形容词的词序颇感困惑。在此，我们向同学们介绍一个简易的记忆方法。请你记住“限观形龄色国材”，如果这几个字不好记，你就记“县官行令谢国财”。
There is a fine old stone bridge near the village.
村子附近有一座漂亮的古代石桥。
I bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.
昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒。
They have got such a round brown wooden table.
他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。
考点三 形容词变副词的方法
1．大多数形容词在词尾加ly。
careful—carefully，quick—quickly，bright—brightly
2．以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，把y变成i，再加ly。
easy—easily，happy—happily，lucky—luckily
3．以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词，去e再加ly。
true—truly
4．以le结尾的形容词，去e再加y。
terrible—terribly，simple—simply，possible—possibly
考点四 形容词、副词的比较等级
1．形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的概念和构成：
英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加er/est或在词前加more/most，属于规则变化，但也有少数是不规则的变化。
（1）规则变化
（2）不规则变化
2.形容词/副词比较等级的基本用法
3.形容词和副词比较级的特殊用法
（1）比较级的特殊用法
①比较级＋and＋比较级“越来越……”（“more＋原级”构成的比较级用more and more＋原级）
China is becoming stronger and stronger.
中国正变得越来越强大。
②the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..，“越……，就越……”
The more we do for the people，the happier we'll be.
我们为人民做得越多，我们就越幸福。
③句中如果有“of the two”短语时，比较级前加the，表示两个中的一个更/较……
Bill is the taller of the two boys.
比尔是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。
（2）最高级的特殊用法
①...one of＋the＋形容词的最高级＋复数名词
China is one of the largest countries all over the world.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一。
②...the＋序数词＋形容词的最高级
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
（3）比较级表示最高级含义
①...形容词/副词的比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词
Wang Fang studies better than any other student in her class.
王芳比她班上的其他任何一个学生学习都好。
②形容词/副词的比较级＋than＋the other＋复数名词
Wang Fang studies better than the other students in her class.
王芳在她班中学习最好。
4．比较级、原级的修饰语
（1）当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词或副词的比较级前使用much，a little，even，still，a lot，far，any，no等。
It is much hotter today than it was yesterday.
今天比昨天热得多。
My apple is a little smaller than yours.
我的苹果比你的小点儿。
Meimei does even worse than Lucy.
梅梅做得甚至比露西更糟。
（2）very，quite，too，so常用来修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
汤姆比我高很多。
（×）Tom is very taller than me.
（√）Tom is much taller than me.
1．（2012湖南衡阳中考，31）The price of the sweater is very ______.I can't afford it.
A．expensive B．cheap C．high
2．（2012湖南郴州中考，30）The more careful you are，the ______ mistakes you will make.
A．few B．fewer C．fewest
3．（2012 湖南湘潭中考，22）I think Chinese is ______ than any other subject.
A．easy B．easier C．easiest
4．（2012湖南岳阳中考，25）Wembley Stadium（温布利大球场）is one of the ______ soccer fields in the world.It will be the place for soccer matches during the Olympics next month.
A．famous B．more famous C．most famous
5．（2012湖南衡阳中考，23）Lucy does homework ______ than Tim.
A．carefully B．more careful C．more carefully
6．（2012湖南怀化中考，23）—Who runs ______，Nick and Harry?
—Nick.
A．fast B．faster C．fastest
7．（2012四川凉山中考，25）Mike always does his homework as ______as the exams.
A．good B．well C．better
8．（2012湖北恩施中考，23）Farmers have become ______ in our hometown in recent years.
A．more and more rich B．richer and richer C．more rich and more rich
9．（2012福建泉州中考，32）—Who gets up______ of you all in the dormitory，Tony?
—Jimmy does.
A．early B．earlier C．earliest
10．Our school is one of ______ schools in Hunan.
A．good B．better C．the best
11．In China it is a custom to give kids lucky money______ during the Spring Festival.
A．finally B．luckily C．especially
12．Don't worry.He is______to look after little Betty.
A．carefully enough B．enough careful C．careful enough
13．You must drive ______ next time，or there may be another acci
dent.
A．more carefully B．carefully C．careful
14．—Who did it better，Bill or Henry?
—I think Bill did just ______ Henry.
A．as well as B．as good as C．as better as
15．We should use______plastic bags to help the environment.Let's say goodbye to them.
A．fewer B．more C．less
16．Of the two Australian students，Masha is ______ one.I think you can find her easily.
A．tallest B．the taller C．taller
17．Jack writes ______ than he did before.
A．much carefully B．more careful C．much more carefully
18．If you like the chicken，you may have as ______ as you can.
A．much B．many C．more
19．He didn't sing ______ that night as he usually did.
A．so well B．so better C．more better
20．—Which one of those two houses would you buy?
—I would buy the______one，because I have a big family.
A．larger B．largest C．smaller
21．It is______ to teach a kid the way to solve a problem than tell him the solution directly.
A．helpful B．more helpful C．the most helpful
22．—How often do you go to a concert?
—______ever.I'm not interested in that at all.
A．Usually B．Hardly C．Almost
23．I have ______ to tell you.Maybe you will be ______ in it.
A．interesting something；interested
B．something interesting；interesting
C．something interesting；interested
参考答案
专题七 形容词和副词
专题提升演练
1．C 形容物品的价格用高（high）低（low）。由“我买不起它。”可知这件毛衣的价格应该是很高。
2．B “the＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……，就越……”，故选B项。
3．B 由than可知应该用比较级。
4．C “one of the＋最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……的之一”。
5．C 由than可知应该用比较级，修饰谓语动词does应该用副词，故选C项。
6．B 由比较的范围是两者可知用比较级。
7．B as...as中间跟原级，修饰does用副词well，故选B项。
8．B “比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。
9．C 比较的范围是all（三者或三者以上），故用最高级。
10．C “one of the＋最高级”意为“最……之一”，故选C项。
11．C finally“最终地”；luckily“幸运地”；especially“尤其是”。句意：在中国给孩子们压岁钱，尤其是在春节期间，是一个习俗。故答案为C项。
12．C 句意：别担心。他照顾小贝蒂足够细心。enough应该放在所修饰的形容词和副词的后面，因此可以排除B项，再由空格前为be动词，因此可以确定应该用形容词作表语。
13．A 句意：下次开车你必须更认真，否则可能还会出事故。drive是实义动词因此用carefully进行修饰，carefully的比较级为more carefully。
14．A 句意：——比尔和亨利谁做得更好？我认为比尔和亨利做得一样好。as...as...意思是“……和……一样”。中间加形容词或副词的原级，在此用副词well修饰动词did，故答案为A项。
15．A plastic bag是可数名词，排除C项；根据句意可知少用塑料袋会对环境有好处，故选A项。
16．B 句意：在这两个澳大利亚学生中，玛莎是较高的那一个。我认为你能很容易找到她。当比较的范围是of the two...时，比较级前要加定冠词the，表示特指。
17．C write是实义动词因此用副词进行修饰。由than可以确定用比较级，carefully的比较级为more carefully，much可以修饰比较级，故答案为C项。
18．A 句意：如果你喜欢鸡肉，你可以尽可能多吃。as...as...中间跟形容词或副词的原级，因为chicken是不可数名词，因此用much修饰。
19．A 句意：那天晚上他唱歌不如平时唱得好。not so...as...意思是“……不如……”，中间加形容词或副词的原级。
20．A 句意：——你想买那两个房子中的哪一个？——我想买更大的那一个，因为我有一个大家庭。由题中的关键词of those two houses可知应该用比较级，可以排除B选项，再由“I have a big family”可知答案选A项。
21．B 由than可知应该用比较级，故答案为B项。
22．B usually“通常”；hardly ever“很少，几乎不”；almost “几乎”。由答语“我对它一点也不感兴趣。”可知答案为B项。
23．C 修饰不定代词的词要放在不定代词的后面，be interested in“对……感兴趣”。
