雅思大作文因果论证.doc
因果论证因果论证较常见于议论文和说明文。在议论文中，因杲论证往往用来强调做出某个选择的好的影响或者不良影响。比如，我们在论述孩子应不应该使用电脑时，可以对电脑的不良影响展开说明，以此证明孩子不应该使用电脑；当然也可以对电脑的优点展开说明，以此证明孩子可以使用电脑。总Z,在议论文屮，因果论证更多时候是论述影响。在说明文屮，因果论证往往占据很大篇幅，比如，谈谈污染的原因和影响，谈谈私家车的影响等等。我们需要大段的论述原因或影响。因果论证简单说，包括两部分：某事如何发生（原因）和导致什么问题出现（结果）。因果论证在组织观点，分析问题时是一种很常见的方法。在实际生活屮，存在一因一果，更存在一果多因或一因多杲的现象。对于不同的原因，最主要的最深刻的原因要先谈，要深谈，要重点论述，而相对不重要的原因要后论述，或简单提及即可。对于不同的结果也是一样，最严重的，最要紧的结果要先讨论，相对不那么严重的结果要后论述。下面举出记住因果例子：A一果多因Causesa.likedbusinessinhighschoolb.salariesinthefieldarehighc.haveanauntwhoisanaccountantd.goodwithnumbersEffecta.choosetomajorinaccountingB一因多果Causea.reduceworkhoursEffectsa.lessincomeb.employerisirritatedc.moretimetostudyd.moretimeforfamilyandfriends论述因果的逻辑顺序上文我们简单谈及多因或多果时的顺序安排，下面我们详细展开说明：1按照时间发展顺序（Chronologicalorder）：这种安排方法以时间为逻辑顺序，按照事情发生的先后去阐述原因或影响，会比较有条理。2按照重要性的顺序：这种安排方法以重要程度为逻辑顺序，最重要的先说，最不重要的后说，当然有时为了达成一定效果，也可以最不重要的先说，最重要的后说。3按照一定分类顺序：这种方法以一定分类为逻辑顺序，将原因或影响按一定依据分成不同的组，然后一组一组的展开说明。比如，核能的影响，可以说对人的影响，对社会的影响，对科技的影响，对经济的影响等。因果逻辑连接信号词CausebecauseEffectconsequently,DegreesofCertaintycertainlyLevelsofImportanceaboveall
duetooncauseisanotherissinceforfirstasaresult,thus,resultedin/leadto,oneresultis,anotheris,therefore,If…then,maynecessarilyperhapspossiblyprobablyundoubtedlyunquestionablyequallyimportantfinallyfirstinitiallylastprimarilysecondsecond下面是4篇因果型作文，注意分析。EffectsofEnteringaUniversityEnteringauniversityisaveryimportantandinterestingexperienceinaperson'slife,butatthesametimeitisanexperiencethatwillchangeyourlifestyleandpersonalityforever.Thepurposeofthisessayistodiscussthethreemaineffectsofenteringauniversitywhicharemissingoldfriends,learninghowtosurviveduringuniversity,anddevelopingresponsiblebehaviorwhichmustaccompanyuniversitystudies.ThefirstandalsothemostcommoneffectofenteringaUniversityisthatonceyouenterthenewschool,youstartmissingyouroldfriends・Therearemanyreasonsyouandyourfriendsstartsplittingapartandleavingtostudyindifferentcitiesorschools,butfeelingsadbecauseyoumissthemisinevitable・Thisdoesn^tmeanyouarenevergoingtoseeyourfriendsagain,butitisn,thesametobeatschoolwithoutyourbestfriends・Thesecondeffectofenteringauniversityisthefactthatyouhavetogetacquaintedwiththeentireuniversityenvironment.Beingatjuniorhighorathighschooliscompletelydifferentthanbeinginauniversity,soyouhavetolearnhowtosurviveinit.Duringuniversitystudiesyouhavetosearchforyourownwaytosuccessbecauseatauniversity,teachersarenotgoingtosolveyourproblems.Thethirdandmostimportanteffectofenteringauniversityistheresponsiblebehavioryoumustdevelopduringyourwaythroughtheuniversity.Enteringauniversityforcesyoutobearesponsiblepersonbecauseyouaretheonlyonewhowillcareaboutyou.Duringuniversitystudiesyouareinchargeofyourlifeandofthedecisionsthatyoumakesuchasdoingornotdoinghomework,goingornotgoingtoclass,etc.Beingaresponsiblepersonisessentialforanyoneinthisworld;withoutresponsibilityaperson'slifecanbeamessandwillneverreachsuccess.Enteringauniversity,aseverythingthatisnewinourlives,canbeterrifyingatfirst,butwithalittlebitofeffort,itcanbecomeoneofthegreatestexperiencesofourlives.Itisveryimportanttoenjoyouruniversitystudiesbecauseitwillhelpusbecomeindependentandresponsiblepeople,onlyifwelearnhowtosurviveit.TheEffectsofBeingaForeignStudentUsuallybecomingaforeignstudentinordertostudyinanothercitycanchangeyourlifeinmanyaspects.Livinginacityfarawayfromhomecanbringmanyconsequencesandeffectswhichalmostalwayschangeastudent^formoflife.WhenIbecameaforeignstudent,manythingschangedorhadtochange・Youdonotlivewithyourfamily,sousuallyyouhavetoleamhowtoliveinharmony
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