1、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
2、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如： We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。 如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如： I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如： He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如： - Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。 如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
1、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
2、 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today? － It’s Saturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
2、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2.Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3.My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4.What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5.Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9.It’s 5 o’clock now.We_____(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
5、对划线部分提问。
一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What „ do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习： 填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
=I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
=What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定） I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We _____ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother ____ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often _____(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _____ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _____ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she ______ (do) this weekend?
She ________ (watch) TV and ________ (catch) insects.
16. What _______ (d0) you do last Sunday?
I _______ (pick) apples on a farm. What ________ (do) next Sunday?
I _______ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao _________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ___________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ___________ (plan) for my study now
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：
⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如： What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is/am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习
1、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
二、句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2.All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. They were in his pocket.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习（2）
1、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3、中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
行为动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
2、句型转换
1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. Nancy went to school early.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. We sang some English songs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
2、句型转换
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3、中译英
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、中译英
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（2）
1、用动词的适当形式填空
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10. What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。
_________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________
3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________
六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习 一、形容词的比较级
1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。
2．形容词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ； ⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ； ⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； ⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
3．不规则形容词比较级： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful
2、副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
3、练习
1)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______ 二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is. 6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三)、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______? My ____________ ___________.
5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。
_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.
6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。
He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.
7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。
________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______? No, _________ _________ than him.
8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。
Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.
9.我跳得和Mike一样远。
I _________ as _______ as Mike.
10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。
____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.
11.多做运动，你会更强壮。
________ more exercise,you’ll ________ _________ soon.
12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。
I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.
13.你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。
____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.
14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。
I like_______.All my______ _______ _______than me.
15.我的姐姐起得比我早。
My_____ _____ up _____than me.
16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。
____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____.
17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。
She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than_____.
18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。
___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.
19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。
My_____ _____ ______than my ______.
20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。
_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.
21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。
My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one.
22.I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较) I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .
七、There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is 主语是复数，be 动词用are 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。
6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。 7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：
How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________?
8. ______________a reading-room in the building?
9. What does Mike___________?
10. ______________any books in the bookcase?
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase?
14. How many students____________in the classroom?
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1、There_______a lot of sweets in the box.
2、There some milk in the glass.
3、There some people under the the big tree.
4、There a picture and a map on the wall.
5、There a box of rubbers near the books.
6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.
7、There a tin of chicken behind the fridge yesterday.
8、There four cups of coffee on the table.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
