2014-2015学年高中英语（精品）同步导学案：Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（人教新课标选修8）共3课时有答案
Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions导学案
学习目标:
1. 了解科学发现与发明创造的区别以及发明产生的过程和专利认证的标准.
2. 掌握本单元教学目的和要求中的词汇和短语的用法.
3. 熟练掌握过去分词做定语、表语和宾语补足语的用法.
4. 进一步熟悉打电话用语和书信格式, 并懂得如何写求职信.
第一课时
I. Read the first text and choose the best answer.
1. The biggest advantage of the writer’s new idea is that_________.
A. it makes the snakes move slowly
B. it makes the snakes hardly bite us
C. it is easier for us to kill the snakes without hurting ourselves
D. it is easier for us to catch the snakes without killing them
2. The snakes were finally caught by _________.
A. hitting them with a stick
B. cooling them and catching them with a net
C. putting them into a schoolbag
D. watering them with cool water
3. According to the text, which subject do you think can be given a patent?
A. A new star discovered by a scientist.
B. A new novel written by Huo Da.
C. A new way to make dirty water clean.
D. A new kind of grass found in a mountain which can be used as a medicine.
4. The purpose in writing this text is __________.
A. to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill them
B. to tell people how to apply for a patent of the writer’s new idea
C. to introduce the writer’s new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patent
D. to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a paten
II. Read the passage and find out the following phrases from the reading one.
1. 经历; 经受________________ 2. 申请专利_________________
3. 决定发明________________ 4. 给某人打电话________________
5. 偶尔; 有时________________ 6. 摆脱；除去________________
7. 使自己与众不同; 使自己出名________________ 8. 着手研究________________
9. 小心翼翼地________________ 10.弯腰________________
11. 捡起，拾起 _______________ 12. 一切都按计划进行_______________
13. 抓住机会做某事________________ 14. 此外________________
III. Analyze these sentences and try to memorize them.
1. ①But_______( monitor) carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.
②_____ (press)by my friends and relations, I decided to ____ ______ _______ ______(抓住机会干……)get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.
③The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to _____ ______ _______ ______(让新想法被接受)unless they are truly novel(汉意_________).
④The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but _______ _______ ________ _________ __________ ________ _____ ________ ________ __________(似乎只有杀死设计杀死蛇的药).
2.①_______________________________________(只有你得到这种承认，你才能)say that you are truly an inventor.
②__________________________(你不会获得专利)until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else’s.
3. ①Between outside and inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly,______ _____________.(冷却后会冻结)
②________________(一把他们提起来), they tried to bite me.
4. There are a large number of patent examiners, too,______________(他们唯一的工作) is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.
Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions导学案
第二课时
1. 课文原句：When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.
call up ① __________________ (ring up)
② 使……回忆起 (bring back sth; remind sb of sth)
联系：look back on/upon回忆；回顾
与打电话有关的词语
call / ring up 打电话 ring/call back 回电话 answer the phone 接电话
ring off / hang up挂断电话 give sb. a ring 给某人打电话
sb be wanted on the phone. ____________________ make a phone call 打电话
2. 课文原句：Here was a chance for me to __________________ (表现一下自己)by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.
distinguish vi.& vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别
distinguish oneself _______________________________
distinguish A from B = distinguish between A and B 区别A和B
联系：tell A from B/ tell the difference between A and B 说出A和B的区别
3. 课文原句：I ___________________________________________ (着手研究蛇的习性) to find the easiest way to trap them.
① set about sth. / doing sth. = set out to do sth. __________________________
② be trapped/ caught/stuck in…陷入……困境
4. 课文原句： This was ______ ________ __________ that the snakes would bite again. 这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。
expectation n. 预料；期待；期望
beyond expectation(s)超乎想象 in expectation of 期待；预料
against expectation(s) 与预料的相反；出乎预料
live up to one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期望
联系：expect vt.①期待，盼望 ②预料，预计 ③指望 ④料想，认为
expect (sb.) to do sth. 期望/要求某人做某事
I expect so.我这样认为。 I expect not./ I don’t expect so.我不这样认为。
练习：---Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?
--- Yes. They have better players, so I _______ them to win.
A. hope B. prefer C. expect D. want
5.课本原句：①_______ by my friends and relations, I decided to _____________________________ to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.
由于朋友和亲戚的敦促我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给与认可。
②He found that by_______ his lips_______ his mother’s forehead, he can make his mother understand what he was saying. (page25)
他发现他把嘴唇放到母亲的额头上，就可以使她听懂他所说的话。
press vt.& vi. 压；按；逼迫 n.新闻；印刷；压；按
the Press ( press) 报刊杂志；记者；新闻界
pressing adj. 紧急的；急迫的 This is a very pressing problem. 这是一件紧急的事。
seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺
联系：grasp vt.. 抓紧；抓住；掌握；领会
seize/ grasp/ take the opportunity/ chance of doing/ to do sth. 抓住机会干某事
catch vt. ① 抓住 ②当场发现（发觉）catch sb. doing 发现某人正在做某事
③ 赶上（公共汽车、火车、飞机等） catch a bus /train/ plane
④ 听清楚；领会 Sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. 对不起，我没听清楚刚才你说的话。
⑤ 突然遭受 She got caught in a thunderstorm. 她遇上了雷雨。
6. bear vt. (bore, borne ) 忍受；忍耐；负担
can’t bear to do sth./ doing sth. 不能忍受做某事
He can’t bear _________________________. 他无法忍受遭人嘲笑.
拓展: keep/ bear sth in mind 或keep/ bear in mind that--- 牢记---
Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions导学案
第三课时
I. Read the text and choose the best answer.
1. According to the text, Bell got such great achievement thanks to_______.
A. a straw joined to a deaf man’s ear
B. the exploring around problems
C. a moving electrical current
D. his excellent assistant Watson
2. We can infer from the text that _______.
A. doing research in telegraph helped Bell greatly in inventing the telephone
B. Bell was given the patent after he succeeded in sending the first telephone message
C. in order to make the bridges stronger Bell discovered telephone
D. Bell discovered so many practical solutions that he must be a millionaire
II. Read the passage and find out the following phrases from the passage on page25-26.
1. 踏平的路；一贯走的路；惯例______________ 2. 迅速把手伸入；一心投入________________
3. 开始/着手做________________ 4. 敲击出；打出________________
5. 一次，每次________________ 6. 知道；明白；意识到________________
III. Analyze and translate the sentences into Chinese and try to memorize them.
1. Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will ____________________________________.(你就会发现其中值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑)
2. But he_____________________________________(他发现这个问题很难解决).
3. The patent was given in 1876, but_____________________ five days later_______Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.(贝尔是在5天后才……)
4.___________________________(非常稳定), it has proved invaluable in the design of bridges.
5._____________________________(这样的一天即将来临。到那时，)telegraph wires will be laid on to houses just like water or gas.
知识梳理
1. 课文原句：Leave the beaten track occasionally and _______________ the woods.
dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入; 跳水
联系：devote oneself to sth. ① 潜心于……（= dive into） ② 投身于……，献身于……
2. 突然间他灵机一动，灵感来了。
_________________________________________________________________________
3. Although he ______ most often ______________ (同……联系在一起) the invention of the telephone, he was indeed ________________________________ (一名永不停息的探索家) after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybody’s life.
associate …with … 把---和----联系起来
continuing = continued adj. 连续不变的；连续不断的
4. get through ①设法联系上（尤指打通电话）；②（设法）做完；③通过（考试等）；
④度过（艰难或不愉快的一段时间）
go through ① 经历；遭受 ② 仔细查看；检查；审查 ③ 用完；耗尽 ④ 详细研究，仔细琢磨
5. out of order ①次序颠倒 ②发生故障; 状况不佳； ③不整齐
in order ①按顺序；整齐；秩序井然 ②状况良好 ③适宜；妥当
out of place ①位置不当 ②不得体；不适当 in place ①在正确位置 ②在工作；准备就绪
Book 8 Unit 3导学案答案
第一课时
I. 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C
II. Read the passage and find out the following phrases from the passage on page20-21.
1. 经历; 经受go through 2. 申请专利apply for a patent
3. 决定发明decide on the invention 4. 给某人打电话call up
5. 偶尔; 有时now and then 6. 摆脱；除去get rid of
7. 使自己与众不同; 使自己出名distinguish oneself 8. 着手研究set about researching
9. 小心翼翼地with great caution 10.弯腰bend down
11. 捡起, 拾起pick up 12. 一切都按计划进行All goes according to plan.
13. 抓住机会做某事seize the opportunity to do sth. 14. 此外in addition
III. 1.① monitored ②Pressed；seize the opportunity to ③get new ideas accepted; adj.新颖的；与众不同的 ④ there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes
2. ①Only after you have had that recognition can you ②Nor will you receive a patent
3. ①which freezes when cooled ②Once picked up 4. whose only job
第二课时
1. 给 …… 打电话； 有某人的电话
2.distinguish myself; 显扬自己，使自己出名；使自己与众不同
3. set about researching the habits of snakes; 着手/ 开始干某事
4. in the expectation; C
5. Pressed; seize the opportunity; pressing; against
6. being laughed at/ to be laughed at
第三课时
I. 1. B 2. A
II. Read the passage and find out the following phrases from the passage on page25-26.
1. 踏平的路；一贯走的路；惯例beaten track 2. 迅速把手伸入；一心投入dive into
3. 开始/着手做；set out to do sth. 4. 敲击出；打出tap out
5. 一次，每次at a time 6. 知道；明白；意识到be/become aware of
III. 1.have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind
2. found the problem difficult to solve 3. it was not until ; that 4.Being very stable
5. The day is coming when
知识梳理
1. dive into 2. Suddenly he had a flash of inspiration.
3. is; associated with; a continuing searcher
