[倒装句]高中英语倒装句讲解

倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装。

I、倒装句之全部倒装

全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有:

1 )表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语放在句首,如: here, there, now, the n, up,

dow n, in, away, of, in the room, on the wall

例如Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。

South of the river lies a small

factory. Out rushed the

childre n. Ahead sat an old woma n.

2such置于句首时,此时 such多被认为是表语。

例如Such are the facts; no one can deny them.

注意:上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒 装。

n倒装句之部分倒装

部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动 词或情态动词,则需添加助动词 do, doesdid,并将其置于主语之前。

一、 only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。

例如:Only in this way can you lear n En glish well. 只有这样,你才能学好英语。

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次他才来参加会议。

如果句子为主从复合句,则主句倒装,从句不倒装。

例如:Only whe n he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时,他才

卧床休息。

二、 句首为否定或半否定的词语 女口 no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time,

in no way, notun til 等。

例如Never have I see n such a performa nee. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。

Nowhere will you find the an swer to this questi on. 无论女口

何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。

(当Not until 引出主从复合句,主句倒装,从句不倒装。)

注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装。

例如I have n ever see n such a performa nee. The mother did n't leave the room

un til the child fell asleep.

典型例题

1)--- Why can' t I smoke here

---At no time in the meeti ng-room

A. is smok ing permitted B. smok ing is permitted C. smok ing is it

permitted D. does smok ing permit

答案A. 这是一个倒装问题。 当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时, 其句中的主谓须用倒

装结构。

这些否定词包括 no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not un til 等。

本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time.

2) Not un til the early years of the 19th cen tury what heat is.

A. man did know B. man know C. did n't man know D. did man know

答案D. 看到Not until的句型我们知道为一倒装句答案在 C, D中选一个。

改写为正常语序为 Man did not know what heat is until the early

years of the 19th. 现在将not提前后面就不能再用否定了 否则意思就变了。

三、 以否定词开头作部分倒装 女口 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcely when, No

soonertha n 要倒装。

例如Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sen der.

没有收下礼物,还狠狠批评了送礼的人。

Hardly had she gone out whe n a stude nt came to visit her.

刚出门,就有个学生来访。

No sooner had she gone out tha n a stude nt came to visit her.

她刚出门,就有个学生来访。

典型例题

No sooner tha n it bega n to rain heavily.

A. the game bega n B. has the game begu n C. did the game beg in D.

had the game begu n

答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)

这类表示否定意义的词有 never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及 not only but ( also ) , no sooner than, hardly when , scarcely when

注意只有当 Notonlybut also 连接两个分句时才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果

置于句首的 Not onlybut also仅连接两个并列词语,不可用倒装结构,如 Not only you

but also I am fond of music

四、 so, neither, nor位于句首时作部分倒装 用这些词表示""也不的句子要

部分倒装。

例如Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语杰克也会。

If you won't go, n either will I. 你不去我也不去。

典型例题

---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother

---I don't know, .

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care n either D. I don't

care also

答案B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"因此句子应倒装。 A错在用do n't 再次否

定,C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

注意:当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时,不可用倒装结构。意为 的确

如此

例如:Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球,我去了。

---It's raining hard. 雨下得真大。

---So it is. 是呀。

五、 as, though引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前

容词副词分词实义动词提前)。

但需注意:

1 )句首名词不能带任何冠词。

2)句首是实义动词其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,

随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

例如Try hard as he will, he n ever seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

工作很努力,但总不能让人满意。

注意:让步状语从句中,though , although时,后面的主句不能有 but,但是though

yet可连用。

六、 其他部分倒装

1 sothat句型中的so位于句首时,需倒装。

例如: So frighte ned was he that he did not dare to move an in ch. 他害怕得很,

动也不敢动。

2 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。

例如:May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。

3)在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有 were, had, should等词,可将if 省略,把were,

had, should 移到主语之前采取部分倒装。

例如Were I you, I would try it agai n. 我是你的话就再试一次。

典型例题

1) Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is

A. man did know B. man knew C. did n't man know D. did man know

答案为D. 否定词Not在句首,要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

2) Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.

A. did n't I realize B. did I realize C. I did n ' t realize D. I realize

答案为B

3) Do you know Tom bought a new car

1 don't know, .

A. nor don't I care B. nor do I care C. I don't care n either D. I don't

care also

答案为B. 句中的nor引出部分倒装结构表示 也不。由so, neither, nor I

的倒装句,表示前一情况的重复出现。其中 so用于肯定句neither, nor用在否定

句中。

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